基本が大事
Hello Minikubeしたので, チュートリアルの続きを読んでみた.
読んだもの
Kubernetesの基本を学ぶ
元記事 : Learn Kubernetes Basics
日本語訳がしっかり用意されているので, 読んだ内容を自分の言葉でまとめる.
動作環境
途中のチュートリアルは以下の環境を使用して行った.
- masOS Mojave 10.14
- Minikube v1.5.0
- VirtualBox 6.0.12
もくじ
Kubernetesの基本を学ぶ
Kubernetesはどんなことができるの?
- コンテナアプリを簡単に実行できるようにしてくれる.
- そのために必要なリソース, ツールを提供してくれる.
クラスタの作成
Kubernetesクラスタとは
- クラスタを管理する
Masterとコンテナアプリを動かすNodeで構成される. Masterはクラスタ内の全ての操作を行う.- コンテナが
Nodeで実行されるためのスケジューリングを行う.
- コンテナが
NodeはVMまたは物理マシンで構成され, クラスタのワーカーとして動作する.Nodeを管理し,Masterと通信するためのKubeletを持つ.- 通信は
Kubernetes APIを介して行う.
- 通信は
- コンテナを動かすための
Dockerを持つ.
チュートリアル
# Minikubeのバージョン確認
$ minikube version
minikube version: v1.5.2
commit: 792dbf92a1de583fcee76f8791cff12e0c9440ad
# Kubernetesクラスタの作成(VirtualBoxを使用)
$ minikube start --vm-driver=virtualbox
😄 minikube v1.5.2 on Darwin 10.14
🔥 Creating virtualbox VM (CPUs=2, Memory=2000MB, Disk=20000MB) ...
🐳 Preparing Kubernetes v1.16.2 on Docker '18.09.9' ...
🚜 Pulling images ...
🚀 Launching Kubernetes ...
⌛ Waiting for: apiserver
🏄 Done! kubectl is now configured to use "minikube"
# kubectlのバージョン確認
$ kubectl version
Client Version: version.Info{Major:"1", Minor:"16", GitVersion:"v1.16.2", GitCommit:"c97fe5036ef3df2967d086711e6c0c405941e14b", GitTreeState:"clean", BuildDate:"2019-10-15T23:41:55Z", GoVersion:"go1.12.10", Compiler:"gc", Platform:"darwin/amd64"}
Server Version: version.Info{Major:"1", Minor:"16", GitVersion:"v1.16.2", GitCommit:"c97fe5036ef3df2967d086711e6c0c405941e14b", GitTreeState:"clean", BuildDate:"2019-10-15T19:09:08Z", GoVersion:"go1.12.10", Compiler:"gc", Platform:"linux/amd64"}
# クラスタ情報の確認
$ kubectl cluster-info
Kubernetes master is running at https://192.168.99.108:8443
KubeDNS is running at https://192.168.99.108:8443/api/v1/namespaces/kube-system/services/kube-dns:dns/proxy
To further debug and diagnose cluster problems, use 'kubectl cluster-info dump'.
# Nodeの一覧を確認
$ kubectl get nodes
NAME STATUS ROLES AGE VERSION
minikube Ready master 107s v1.16.2
アプリケーションのデプロイ
Deploymentとは
- アプリケーションインスタンスの作成, 更新方法を
Kubernetesに指示するもの- アプリケーションインスタンスは
Nodeに作成される MasterにあるDeployment Controllerが各インスタンスを監視する- 問題があった場合は
セルフヒーリングを行う(別Nodeのインスタンスと置き換える)
- 問題があった場合は
- アプリケーションインスタンスは
チュートリアル
# Deploymentの作成
# kubernetes-bootcampという名前のDeploymentを作成
# --imageで使用するDocker imageを指定
$ kubectl create deployment kubernetes-bootcamp --image=gcr.io/google-samples/kubernetes-bootcamp:v1
deployment.apps/kubernetes-bootcamp created
# Deploymentの一覧を確認
$ kubectl get deployments
NAME READY UP-TO-DATE AVAILABLE AGE
kubernetes-bootcamp 1/1 1 1 59s
# 別のターミナルを開き, ローカルマシンからKubernetes APIに接続するためのproxyを起動
$ kubectl proxy
Starting to serve on 127.0.0.1:8001
# 使い終わったらCtrl + Cで終了できる
# Kubernetes APIにアクセスしてバージョンを確認
$ curl http://127.0.0.1:8001/version
{
"major": "1",
"minor": "16",
"gitVersion": "v1.16.2",
"gitCommit": "c97fe5036ef3df2967d086711e6c0c405941e14b",
"gitTreeState": "clean",
"buildDate": "2019-10-15T19:09:08Z",
"goVersion": "go1.12.10",
"compiler": "gc",
"platform": "linux/amd64"
}
# 起動しているPodの名前を取得して環境変数POD_NAMEに代入
$ export POD_NAME=$(kubectl get pods -o go-template --template '{{range .items}}{{.metadata.name}}{{"\n"}}{{end}}')
$ echo Name of the Pod: $POD_NAME
Name of the Pod: kubernetes-bootcamp-69fbc6f4cf-6kppt
アプリケーションの探索
Podとは
- 1つ以上のコンテナとコンテナの共有リソースを持つ,
Kubernetesの最小単位- 共有ストレージ, IPアドレス, コンテナの動作に関わる情報を持つ
Pod内のコンテナはIPアドレスとポートを共有する
Deploymentによって作成/管理される- 割り当てられた(スケジュールされた)
Node上で動作する
Nodeとは
Kubernetesのワーカー- 物理マシン, 仮想マシン問わずワーカーとして機能できる
- 複数の
Podを持つことができる Masterによって管理される- 同一クラスタの
Node間でのPodのスケジューリングが自動で管理される KubeletがMasterとの通信を担当し,Podを管理するDockerを使用してレジストリからイメージを取得, コンテナの実行を行う
- 同一クラスタの
チュートリアル
# Podの一覧を確認
$ kubectl get pods
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
kubernetes-bootcamp-69fbc6f4cf-6kppt 1/1 Running 0 58m
# Podの詳細を確認
$ kubectl describe pods
Name: kubernetes-bootcamp-69fbc6f4cf-6kppt
Namespace: default
Priority: 0
Node: minikube/192.168.99.109
Start Time: Wed, 06 Nov 2019 23:24:56 +0900
Labels: app=kubernetes-bootcamp
pod-template-hash=69fbc6f4cf
Annotations: <none>
Status: Running
IP: 172.17.0.6
IPs:
IP: 172.17.0.6
Controlled By: ReplicaSet/kubernetes-bootcamp-69fbc6f4cf
Containers:
kubernetes-bootcamp:
Container ID: docker://64bbc713c49fde8d7fa154fc35b53bcf2515cbf12426248da36b11690a11d2f4
Image: gcr.io/google-samples/kubernetes-bootcamp:v1
Image ID: docker-pullable://gcr.io/google-samples/kubernetes-bootcamp@sha256:0d6b8ee63bb57c5f5b6156f446b3bc3b3c143d233037f3a2f00e279c8fcc64af
Port: <none>
Host Port: <none>
State: Running
Started: Wed, 06 Nov 2019 23:25:15 +0900
Ready: True
Restart Count: 0
Environment: <none>
Mounts:
/var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount from default-token-jj2nf (ro)
Conditions:
Type Status
Initialized True
Ready True
ContainersReady True
PodScheduled True
Volumes:
default-token-jj2nf:
Type: Secret (a volume populated by a Secret)
SecretName: default-token-jj2nf
Optional: false
QoS Class: BestEffort
Node-Selectors: <none>
Tolerations: node.kubernetes.io/not-ready:NoExecute for 300s
node.kubernetes.io/unreachable:NoExecute for 300s
Events:
Type Reason Age From Message
---- ------ ---- ---- -------
Normal Scheduled <unknown> default-scheduler Successfully assigned default/kubernetes-bootcamp-69fbc6f4cf-6kppt to minikube
Normal Pulling 59m kubelet, minikube Pulling image "gcr.io/google-samples/kubernetes-bootcamp:v1"
Normal Pulled 58m kubelet, minikube Successfully pulled image "gcr.io/google-samples/kubernetes-bootcamp:v1"
Normal Created 58m kubelet, minikube Created container kubernetes-bootcamp
Normal Started 58m kubelet, minikube Started container kubernetes-bootcamp
# proxyは起動済み
# $ kubectl proxy
# Pod名も取得済み
# $ export POD_NAME=$(kubectl get pods -o go-template --template '{{range .items}}{{.metadata.name}}{{"\n"}}{{end}}')
$ echo Name of the Pod: $POD_NAME
Name of the Pod: kubernetes-bootcamp-69fbc6f4cf-6kppt
# Kubernetes APIを利用してPodにアクセスする
# が, この通りにやると失敗する
$ curl http://localhost:8001/api/v1/namespaces/default/pods/$POD_NAME/proxy/
Error trying to reach service: 'dial tcp 172.17.0.6:80: connect: connection refused'
# 上記コマンドでは失敗するので, 次のコマンドを実行する
# 詳細は下記`connection refusedになる問題について`を参照
$ curl http://localhost:8001/api/v1/namespaces/default/pods/$POD_NAME:8080/proxy/
Hello Kubernetes bootcamp! | Running on: kubernetes-bootcamp-69fbc6f4cf-6kppt | v=1
チュートリアルでconnection refusedになる問題について
使用しているimage(gcr.io/google-samples/kubernetes-bootcamp:v1)が公開しているポートが80番でなく8080番であるにもかかわらず,Kubernetes APIのGet Connect ProxyでPodにアクセスする際にデフォルトのポート(80番)を叩こうとしていることが原因.
接続しようとしているPodには80番ポートが割り当てられているコンテナが無いため, 接続が拒否される.
以下は確認手順.
# 実際にimageをローカルに持ってくる
$ docker pull gcr.io/google-samples/kubernetes-bootcamp:v1
v1: Pulling from google-samples/kubernetes-bootcamp
5c90d4a2d1a8: Pull complete
ab30c63719b1: Pull complete
29d0bc1e8c52: Pull complete
d4fe0dc68927: Pull complete
dfa9e924f957: Pull complete
Digest: sha256:0d6b8ee63bb57c5f5b6156f446b3bc3b3c143d233037f3a2f00e279c8fcc64af
Status: Downloaded newer image for gcr.io/google-samples/kubernetes-bootcamp:v1
gcr.io/google-samples/kubernetes-bootcamp:v1
# Dockerfileの内容を確認
$ docker image history gcr.io/google-samples/kubernetes-bootcamp:v1
IMAGE CREATED CREATED BY SIZE COMMENT
8fafd8af70e9 3 years ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) CMD ["/bin/sh" "-c" "node… 0B
<missing> 3 years ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) COPY file:de8ef36ebbfd5305… 742B
<missing> 3 years ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) EXPOSE 8080/tcp 0B
<missing> 3 years ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) CMD ["node"] 0B
<missing> 3 years ago /bin/sh -c buildDeps="xz-utils" && set -… 41.5MB
<missing> 3 years ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) ENV NODE_VERSION=6.3.1 0B
<missing> 3 years ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) ENV NPM_CONFIG_LOGLEVEL=in… 0B
<missing> 3 years ago /bin/sh -c set -ex && for key in 9554F… 80.8kB
<missing> 3 years ago /bin/sh -c apt-get update && apt-get install… 44.7MB
<missing> 3 years ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) CMD ["/bin/bash"] 0B
<missing> 3 years ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) ADD file:76679eeb94129df23… 125MB
# 上記の通り, このimageは`EXPOSE 8080`で8080番ポートを公開している.
# そのため, チュートリアル通りのコマンドではデフォルトの80番ポート(公開されていない)を見ようとするので失敗する.
$ curl http://localhost:8001/api/v1/namespaces/default/pods/$POD_NAME/proxy/
Error trying to reach service: 'dial tcp 172.17.0.6:80: connect: connection refused'
# Pod名の後にポート番号を指定してあげると問題なくアクセスできる.
$ curl http://localhost:8001/api/v1/namespaces/default/pods/$POD_NAME:8080/proxy/
Hello Kubernetes bootcamp! | Running on: kubernetes-bootcamp-69fbc6f4cf-6kppt | v=1
アプリケーションの公開
Serviceとは
Podを外部に公開するためのもの- IPを指定せずに
Labelを用いて各Podを指定してアクセスできるようにする役割を持つ - 複数
Pod間の負荷分散を行う- 複数
Node間に存在するPod間でも負荷分散が可能
- 複数
チュートリアル
# Podの一覧を確認
$ kubectl get pods
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
kubernetes-bootcamp-69fbc6f4cf-6kppt 1/1 Running 0 4d22h
# Serviceの一覧を確認
# kubernetesはMinikube起動時にデフォルトで生成されるService
$ kubectl get services
NAME TYPE CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE
kubernetes ClusterIP 10.96.0.1 <none> 443/TCP 4d22h
# 既に存在するDeployment(kubernetes-bootcamp)を公開するNodePort Serviceを作成
#
$ kubectl expose deployment/kubernetes-bootcamp --type="NodePort" --port 8080
service/kubernetes-bootcamp exposed
# 再度Serviceの一覧を確認
# 新たにService(kubernetes-bootcamp)が作成されていることを確認
$ kubectl get services
NAME TYPE CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE
kubernetes ClusterIP 10.96.0.1 <none> 443/TCP 4d22h
kubernetes-bootcamp NodePort 10.106.55.200 <none> 8080:31038/TCP 17s
# Service(kubernetes-bootcamp)の詳細を確認
# Nodeの31038番ががPodの8080番に割り当てられている
$ kubectl describe services/kubernetes-bootcamp
Name: kubernetes-bootcamp
Namespace: default
Labels: app=kubernetes-bootcamp
Annotations: <none>
Selector: app=kubernetes-bootcamp
Type: NodePort
IP: 10.106.55.200
Port: <unset> 8080/TCP
TargetPort: 8080/TCP
NodePort: <unset> 31038/TCP
Endpoints: 172.17.0.6:8080
Session Affinity: None
External Traffic Policy: Cluster
Events: <none>
# Serviceによって公開されているNodeのポート番号を環境変数NODE_PORTに代入
$ export NODE_PORT=$(kubectl get services/kubernetes-bootcamp -o go-template='{{(index .spec.ports 0).nodePort}}')
$ echo NODE_PORT=$NODE_PORT
NODE_PORT=31038
# 公開されているポート番号へアクセス
$ curl $(minikube ip):$NODE_PORT
Hello Kubernetes bootcamp! | Running on: kubernetes-bootcamp-69fbc6f4cf-6kppt | v=1
# 起動しているDeploymentの詳細を確認
# デフォルトでLabel(app=kubernetes-bootcamp)がつけられている
$ kubectl describe deployment
Name: kubernetes-bootcamp
Namespace: default
CreationTimestamp: Wed, 06 Nov 2019 23:24:56 +0900
Labels: app=kubernetes-bootcamp
Annotations: deployment.kubernetes.io/revision: 1
Selector: app=kubernetes-bootcamp
Replicas: 1 desired | 1 updated | 1 total | 1 available | 0 unavailable
StrategyType: RollingUpdate
MinReadySeconds: 0
RollingUpdateStrategy: 25% max unavailable, 25% max surge
Pod Template:
Labels: app=kubernetes-bootcamp
Containers:
kubernetes-bootcamp:
Image: gcr.io/google-samples/kubernetes-bootcamp:v1
Port: <none>
Host Port: <none>
Environment: <none>
Mounts: <none>
Volumes: <none>
Conditions:
Type Status Reason
---- ------ ------
Available True MinimumReplicasAvailable
Progressing True NewReplicaSetAvailable
OldReplicaSets: <none>
NewReplicaSet: kubernetes-bootcamp-69fbc6f4cf (1/1 replicas created)
Events: <none>
# Label(run=kubernetes-bootcamp)を指定してPodを表示
$ kubectl get pods -l run=kubernetes-bootcamp
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
kubernetes-bootcamp-69fbc6f4cf-6kppt 1/1 Running 0 4d23h
# 同様にServiceもLabelで絞り込んで表示
$ kubectl get services -l app=kubernetes-bootcamp
NAME TYPE CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE
kubernetes-bootcamp NodePort 10.106.55.200 <none> 8080:31038/TCP 16m
# 環境変数POD_NAMEにPod名を代入
$ export POD_NAME=$(kubectl get pods -o go-template --template '{{range .items}}{{.metadata.name}}{{"\n"}}{{end}}')
$ echo Name of the Pod: $POD_NAME
Name of the Pod: kubernetes-bootcamp-69fbc6f4cf-6kppt
# Pod(kubernetes-bootcamp-69fbc6f4cf-6kppt)にLabel(app=v1)を追加
# 既にkey(app)に対してvalue(kubernetes-bootcamp)がついていて, --overwriteを指定していないので失敗する
$ kubectl label pod $POD_NAME app=v1
error: 'app' already has a value (kubernetes-bootcamp), and --overwrite is false
# 手順とは異なるが別のkey:valueを指定してみる
$ kubectl label pod $POD_NAME app_hoge=v1
pod/kubernetes-bootcamp-69fbc6f4cf-6kppt labeled
# Pod(kubernetes-bootcamp-69fbc6f4cf-6kppt)の詳細を確認
# Label(app_hoge=v1)が追加されている
$ kubectl describe pods $POD_NAME
Name: kubernetes-bootcamp-69fbc6f4cf-6kppt
Namespace: default
Priority: 0
Node: minikube/192.168.99.109
Start Time: Wed, 06 Nov 2019 23:24:56 +0900
Labels: app=kubernetes-bootcamp
app_hoge=v1
pod-template-hash=69fbc6f4cf
Annotations: <none>
Status: Running
IP: 172.17.0.6
IPs:
IP: 172.17.0.6
Controlled By: ReplicaSet/kubernetes-bootcamp-69fbc6f4cf
Containers:
kubernetes-bootcamp:
Container ID: docker://64bbc713c49fde8d7fa154fc35b53bcf2515cbf12426248da36b11690a11d2f4
Image: gcr.io/google-samples/kubernetes-bootcamp:v1
Image ID: docker-pullable://gcr.io/google-samples/kubernetes-bootcamp@sha256:0d6b8ee63bb57c5f5b6156f446b3bc3b3c143d233037f3a2f00e279c8fcc64af
Port: <none>
Host Port: <none>
State: Running
Started: Wed, 06 Nov 2019 23:25:15 +0900
Ready: True
Restart Count: 0
Environment: <none>
Mounts:
/var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount from default-token-jj2nf (ro)
Conditions:
Type Status
Initialized True
Ready True
ContainersReady True
PodScheduled True
Volumes:
default-token-jj2nf:
Type: Secret (a volume populated by a Secret)
SecretName: default-token-jj2nf
Optional: false
QoS Class: BestEffort
Node-Selectors: <none>
Tolerations: node.kubernetes.io/not-ready:NoExecute for 300s
node.kubernetes.io/unreachable:NoExecute for 300s
Events: <none>
# Label(app_hoge=v1)を持つPodを表示
$ kubectl get pods -l app_hoge=v1
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
kubernetes-bootcamp-69fbc6f4cf-6kppt 1/1 Running 0 4d23h
# Label(app=kubernetes-bootcamp)を指定してServiceを削除
$ kubectl delete service -l app=kubernetes-bootcamp
service "kubernetes-bootcamp" deleted
# 再度Serviceの一覧を確認
# kubernetes-bootcampが削除されている
$ kubectl get services
NAME TYPE CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE
kubernetes ClusterIP 10.96.0.1 <none> 443/TCP 4d23h
# 再度ポートにアクセスする
# Serviceが削除され, 31038番が公開されていないので失敗する
$ curl $(minikube ip):$NODE_PORT
curl: (7) Failed to connect to 192.168.99.109 port 31038: Connection refused
# Podの中からアクセスする
# Serviceがなくてもアプリケーションは生きていることが確認できる
$ kubectl exec -ti $POD_NAME curl localhost:8080
Hello Kubernetes bootcamp! | Running on: kubernetes-bootcamp-69fbc6f4cf-6kppt | v=1
アプリケーションのスケーリング
Deploymentによるスケーリング
- スケーリングは
DeploymentのReplicasを変更することで行う Replicasが増えた場合は利用可能なNodeに新しいPodが作成される- 新たに生成された
Podへのトラフィック設定はServiceで管理する
チュートリアル
# Deploymentの一覧を表示
# READYは(起動しているPod数)/(設定されているPod数)
# UP-TO-DATEは指定の状態になっているPod数
# AVAILABLEはユーザーが利用可能なPod数
$ kubectl get deployments
NAME READY UP-TO-DATE AVAILABLE AGE
kubernetes-bootcamp 1/1 1 1 5d
# Deployment(kubernetes-bootcamp)のReplicasを4に増やす
$ kubectl scale deployments/kubernetes-bootcamp --replicas=4
deployment.apps/kubernetes-bootcamp scaled
# 再度Deploymentの一覧を表示
# Pod数が指定した値(4)に変わっている
$ kubectl get deployments
NAME READY UP-TO-DATE AVAILABLE AGE
kubernetes-bootcamp 4/4 4 4 5d
# Podの一覧を表示
# 確かにPodが4つそれぞれ別IPで稼働している
$ kubectl get pods -o wide
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE IP NODE NOMINATED NODE READINESS GATES
kubernetes-bootcamp-69fbc6f4cf-6kppt 1/1 Running 0 5d 172.17.0.6 minikube <none> <none>
kubernetes-bootcamp-69fbc6f4cf-9htwb 1/1 Running 0 11m 172.17.0.9 minikube <none> <none>
kubernetes-bootcamp-69fbc6f4cf-cm8pb 1/1 Running 0 11m 172.17.0.7 minikube <none> <none>
kubernetes-bootcamp-69fbc6f4cf-j5kq2 1/1 Running 0 11m 172.17.0.8 minikube <none> <none>
# Deployment(kubernetes-bootcamp)の詳細表示
# Replicasが4に変わっている
# 変更履歴はEventに記録される
$ kubectl describe deployments/kubernetes-bootcamp
Name: kubernetes-bootcamp
Namespace: default
CreationTimestamp: Wed, 06 Nov 2019 23:24:56 +0900
Labels: app=kubernetes-bootcamp
Annotations: deployment.kubernetes.io/revision: 1
Selector: app=kubernetes-bootcamp
Replicas: 4 desired | 4 updated | 4 total | 4 available | 0 unavailable
StrategyType: RollingUpdate
MinReadySeconds: 0
RollingUpdateStrategy: 25% max unavailable, 25% max surge
Pod Template:
Labels: app=kubernetes-bootcamp
Containers:
kubernetes-bootcamp:
Image: gcr.io/google-samples/kubernetes-bootcamp:v1
Port: <none>
Host Port: <none>
Environment: <none>
Mounts: <none>
Volumes: <none>
Conditions:
Type Status Reason
---- ------ ------
Progressing True NewReplicaSetAvailable
Available True MinimumReplicasAvailable
OldReplicaSets: <none>
NewReplicaSet: kubernetes-bootcamp-69fbc6f4cf (4/4 replicas created)
Events:
Type Reason Age From Message
---- ------ ---- ---- -------
Normal ScalingReplicaSet 6m48s deployment-controller Scaled up replica set kubernetes-bootcamp-69fbc6f4cf to 4
# 手順にはないが前のチュートリアルでServiceを削除してしまっているので再度作成
$ kubectl expose deployment/kubernetes-bootcamp --type="NodePort" --port 8080
service/kubernetes-bootcamp exposed
# Service(kubernetes-bootcamp)の詳細を確認
# Deployment(kubernetes-bootcamp)が管理する4つのPodが接続されている
$ kubectl describe services/kubernetes-bootcamp
Name: kubernetes-bootcamp
Namespace: default
Labels: app=kubernetes-bootcamp
Annotations: <none>
Selector: app=kubernetes-bootcamp
Type: NodePort
IP: 10.111.26.43
Port: <unset> 8080/TCP
TargetPort: 8080/TCP
NodePort: <unset> 31189/TCP
Endpoints: 172.17.0.6:8080,172.17.0.7:8080,172.17.0.8:8080 + 1 more...
Session Affinity: None
External Traffic Policy: Cluster
Events: <none>
# 環境変数NODE_PORTに公開されているNodeのポート番号を代入
$ export NODE_PORT=$(kubectl get services/kubernetes-bootcamp -o go-template='{{(index .spec.ports 0).nodePort}}')
$ echo NODE_PORT=$NODE_PORT
NODE_PORT=31189
# アクセスするたびに違うPodからレスポンスが返ってくる
# 負荷分散ができている
$ curl $(minikube ip):$NODE_PORT
Hello Kubernetes bootcamp! | Running on: kubernetes-bootcamp-69fbc6f4cf-6kppt | v=1
$ curl $(minikube ip):$NODE_PORT
Hello Kubernetes bootcamp! | Running on: kubernetes-bootcamp-69fbc6f4cf-cm8pb | v=1
$ curl $(minikube ip):$NODE_PORT
Hello Kubernetes bootcamp! | Running on: kubernetes-bootcamp-69fbc6f4cf-j5kq2 | v=1
$ curl $(minikube ip):$NODE_PORT
Hello Kubernetes bootcamp! | Running on: kubernetes-bootcamp-69fbc6f4cf-j5kq2 | v=1
$ curl $(minikube ip):$NODE_PORT
Hello Kubernetes bootcamp! | Running on: kubernetes-bootcamp-69fbc6f4cf-9htwb | v=1
# Deployment(kubernetes-bootcamp)のReplicasを2に減らす
$ kubectl scale deployments/kubernetes-bootcamp --replicas=2
deployment.apps/kubernetes-bootcamp scaled
# Deploymentの一覧を確認
# Pod数が2に減っている
$ kubectl get deployments
NAME READY UP-TO-DATE AVAILABLE AGE
kubernetes-bootcamp 2/2 2 2 5d
# Podの一覧を表示
# 4つあったPodのうち2つが消えている
$ kubectl get pods -o wide
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE IP NODE NOMINATED NODE READINESS GATES
kubernetes-bootcamp-69fbc6f4cf-6kppt 1/1 Running 0 5d 172.17.0.6 minikube <none> <none>
kubernetes-bootcamp-69fbc6f4cf-9htwb 1/1 Running 0 19m 172.17.0.9 minikube <none> <none>
アプリケーションのアップデート
ローリングアップデートとは
Podを段階的にアップデートすること- ダウンタイムが発生しない
チュートリアル
# 手順にはないが後半の手順とPod数を合わせるためスケールアウトする
$ kubectl scale deployments/kubernetes-bootcamp --replicas=4
deployment.apps/kubernetes-bootcamp scaled
# Deploymentの一覧を確認
$ kubectl get deployments
NAME READY UP-TO-DATE AVAILABLE AGE
kubernetes-bootcamp 4/4 4 4 5d23h
# Podの一覧を確認
$ kubectl get pods
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
kubernetes-bootcamp-69fbc6f4cf-6hx6m 1/1 Running 0 57s
kubernetes-bootcamp-69fbc6f4cf-6kppt 1/1 Running 0 5d23h
kubernetes-bootcamp-69fbc6f4cf-6rvk4 1/1 Running 0 57s
kubernetes-bootcamp-69fbc6f4cf-9htwb 1/1 Running 0 23h
# Podの詳細を確認
$ kubectl describe pods
Name: kubernetes-bootcamp-69fbc6f4cf-6hx6m
Namespace: default
Priority: 0
Node: minikube/192.168.99.109
Start Time: Tue, 12 Nov 2019 23:05:57 +0900
Labels: app=kubernetes-bootcamp
pod-template-hash=69fbc6f4cf
Annotations: <none>
Status: Running
IP: 172.17.0.7
IPs:
IP: 172.17.0.7
Controlled By: ReplicaSet/kubernetes-bootcamp-69fbc6f4cf
Containers:
kubernetes-bootcamp:
Container ID: docker://4a1577f4cc007bbdc62d54afb048b3c67c622e9d4fa4fcbc7bb4e7a7014a8e70
Image: gcr.io/google-samples/kubernetes-bootcamp:v1
Image ID: docker-pullable://gcr.io/google-samples/kubernetes-bootcamp@sha256:0d6b8ee63bb57c5f5b6156f446b3bc3b3c143d233037f3a2f00e279c8fcc64af
Port: <none>
Host Port: <none>
State: Running
Started: Tue, 12 Nov 2019 23:05:58 +0900
Ready: True
Restart Count: 0
Environment: <none>
Mounts:
/var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount from default-token-jj2nf (ro)
Conditions:
Type Status
Initialized True
Ready True
ContainersReady True
PodScheduled True
Volumes:
default-token-jj2nf:
Type: Secret (a volume populated by a Secret)
SecretName: default-token-jj2nf
Optional: false
QoS Class: BestEffort
Node-Selectors: <none>
Tolerations: node.kubernetes.io/not-ready:NoExecute for 300s
node.kubernetes.io/unreachable:NoExecute for 300s
Events:
Type Reason Age From Message
---- ------ ---- ---- -------
Normal Scheduled <unknown> default-scheduler Successfully assigned default/kubernetes-bootcamp-69fbc6f4cf-6hx6m to minikube
Normal Pulled 91s kubelet, minikube Container image "gcr.io/google-samples/kubernetes-bootcamp:v1" already present on machine
Normal Created 91s kubelet, minikube Created container kubernetes-bootcamp
Normal Started 91s kubelet, minikube Started container kubernetes-bootcamp
Name: kubernetes-bootcamp-69fbc6f4cf-6kppt
Namespace: default
Priority: 0
Node: minikube/192.168.99.109
Start Time: Wed, 06 Nov 2019 23:24:56 +0900
Labels: app=kubernetes-bootcamp
app_hoge=v1
pod-template-hash=69fbc6f4cf
Annotations: <none>
Status: Running
IP: 172.17.0.6
IPs:
IP: 172.17.0.6
Controlled By: ReplicaSet/kubernetes-bootcamp-69fbc6f4cf
Containers:
kubernetes-bootcamp:
Container ID: docker://64bbc713c49fde8d7fa154fc35b53bcf2515cbf12426248da36b11690a11d2f4
Image: gcr.io/google-samples/kubernetes-bootcamp:v1
Image ID: docker-pullable://gcr.io/google-samples/kubernetes-bootcamp@sha256:0d6b8ee63bb57c5f5b6156f446b3bc3b3c143d233037f3a2f00e279c8fcc64af
Port: <none>
Host Port: <none>
State: Running
Started: Wed, 06 Nov 2019 23:25:15 +0900
Ready: True
Restart Count: 0
Environment: <none>
Mounts:
/var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount from default-token-jj2nf (ro)
Conditions:
Type Status
Initialized True
Ready True
ContainersReady True
PodScheduled True
Volumes:
default-token-jj2nf:
Type: Secret (a volume populated by a Secret)
SecretName: default-token-jj2nf
Optional: false
QoS Class: BestEffort
Node-Selectors: <none>
Tolerations: node.kubernetes.io/not-ready:NoExecute for 300s
node.kubernetes.io/unreachable:NoExecute for 300s
Events: <none>
Name: kubernetes-bootcamp-69fbc6f4cf-6rvk4
Namespace: default
Priority: 0
Node: minikube/192.168.99.109
Start Time: Tue, 12 Nov 2019 23:05:57 +0900
Labels: app=kubernetes-bootcamp
pod-template-hash=69fbc6f4cf
Annotations: <none>
Status: Running
IP: 172.17.0.8
IPs:
IP: 172.17.0.8
Controlled By: ReplicaSet/kubernetes-bootcamp-69fbc6f4cf
Containers:
kubernetes-bootcamp:
Container ID: docker://124b92bb9f17895f808deee23916dccc6efb95af2fd7e6d8214af7f3ad0bdf97
Image: gcr.io/google-samples/kubernetes-bootcamp:v1
Image ID: docker-pullable://gcr.io/google-samples/kubernetes-bootcamp@sha256:0d6b8ee63bb57c5f5b6156f446b3bc3b3c143d233037f3a2f00e279c8fcc64af
Port: <none>
Host Port: <none>
State: Running
Started: Tue, 12 Nov 2019 23:05:58 +0900
Ready: True
Restart Count: 0
Environment: <none>
Mounts:
/var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount from default-token-jj2nf (ro)
Conditions:
Type Status
Initialized True
Ready True
ContainersReady True
PodScheduled True
Volumes:
default-token-jj2nf:
Type: Secret (a volume populated by a Secret)
SecretName: default-token-jj2nf
Optional: false
QoS Class: BestEffort
Node-Selectors: <none>
Tolerations: node.kubernetes.io/not-ready:NoExecute for 300s
node.kubernetes.io/unreachable:NoExecute for 300s
Events:
Type Reason Age From Message
---- ------ ---- ---- -------
Normal Scheduled <unknown> default-scheduler Successfully assigned default/kubernetes-bootcamp-69fbc6f4cf-6rvk4 to minikube
Normal Pulled 91s kubelet, minikube Container image "gcr.io/google-samples/kubernetes-bootcamp:v1" already present on machine
Normal Created 91s kubelet, minikube Created container kubernetes-bootcamp
Normal Started 91s kubelet, minikube Started container kubernetes-bootcamp
Name: kubernetes-bootcamp-69fbc6f4cf-9htwb
Namespace: default
Priority: 0
Node: minikube/192.168.99.109
Start Time: Mon, 11 Nov 2019 23:35:24 +0900
Labels: app=kubernetes-bootcamp
pod-template-hash=69fbc6f4cf
Annotations: <none>
Status: Running
IP: 172.17.0.9
IPs:
IP: 172.17.0.9
Controlled By: ReplicaSet/kubernetes-bootcamp-69fbc6f4cf
Containers:
kubernetes-bootcamp:
Container ID: docker://ce75a00dbebf8ede509c4bf2776029666518022ee1b164aaced4c7edc90def8d
Image: gcr.io/google-samples/kubernetes-bootcamp:v1
Image ID: docker-pullable://gcr.io/google-samples/kubernetes-bootcamp@sha256:0d6b8ee63bb57c5f5b6156f446b3bc3b3c143d233037f3a2f00e279c8fcc64af
Port: <none>
Host Port: <none>
State: Running
Started: Mon, 11 Nov 2019 23:35:25 +0900
Ready: True
Restart Count: 0
Environment: <none>
Mounts:
/var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount from default-token-jj2nf (ro)
Conditions:
Type Status
Initialized True
Ready True
ContainersReady True
PodScheduled True
Volumes:
default-token-jj2nf:
Type: Secret (a volume populated by a Secret)
SecretName: default-token-jj2nf
Optional: false
QoS Class: BestEffort
Node-Selectors: <none>
Tolerations: node.kubernetes.io/not-ready:NoExecute for 300s
node.kubernetes.io/unreachable:NoExecute for 300s
Events:
Type Reason Age From Message
---- ------ ---- ---- -------
Normal Scheduled <unknown> default-scheduler Successfully assigned default/kubernetes-bootcamp-69fbc6f4cf-9htwb to minikube
Normal Pulled 23h kubelet, minikube Container image "gcr.io/google-samples/kubernetes-bootcamp:v1" already present on machine
Normal Created 23h kubelet, minikube Created container kubernetes-bootcamp
Normal Started 23h kubelet, minikube Started container kubernetes-bootcamp
# Deployment(kubernetes-bootcamp)で使用しているimage(kubernetes-bootcamp)のバージョンを変更
$ kubectl set image deployments/kubernetes-bootcamp kubernetes-bootcamp=jocatalin/kubernetes-bootcamp:v2
deployment.apps/kubernetes-bootcamp image updated
# 何度かPodの一覧を確認すると順番に古いPodが削除/新しいPodが生成されていることがわかる
$ kubectl get pods
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
kubernetes-bootcamp-69fbc6f4cf-6hx6m 1/1 Terminating 0 2m53s
kubernetes-bootcamp-69fbc6f4cf-6kppt 1/1 Running 0 5d23h
kubernetes-bootcamp-69fbc6f4cf-6rvk4 1/1 Terminating 0 2m53s
kubernetes-bootcamp-69fbc6f4cf-9htwb 1/1 Running 0 23h
kubernetes-bootcamp-b4d9f565-ftfn6 0/1 ContainerCreating 0 6s
kubernetes-bootcamp-b4d9f565-vd6fb 1/1 Running 0 6s
kubernetes-bootcamp-b4d9f565-wwxnf 0/1 ContainerCreating 0 1s
$ kubectl get pods
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
kubernetes-bootcamp-69fbc6f4cf-6hx6m 1/1 Terminating 0 2m56s
kubernetes-bootcamp-69fbc6f4cf-6kppt 1/1 Terminating 0 5d23h
kubernetes-bootcamp-69fbc6f4cf-6rvk4 1/1 Terminating 0 2m56s
kubernetes-bootcamp-69fbc6f4cf-9htwb 1/1 Terminating 0 23h
kubernetes-bootcamp-b4d9f565-ftfn6 1/1 Running 0 9s
kubernetes-bootcamp-b4d9f565-qxjhr 1/1 Running 0 2s
kubernetes-bootcamp-b4d9f565-vd6fb 1/1 Running 0 9s
kubernetes-bootcamp-b4d9f565-wwxnf 1/1 Running 0 4s
$ kubectl get pods
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
kubernetes-bootcamp-b4d9f565-ftfn6 1/1 Running 0 48s
kubernetes-bootcamp-b4d9f565-qxjhr 1/1 Running 0 41s
kubernetes-bootcamp-b4d9f565-vd6fb 1/1 Running 0 48s
kubernetes-bootcamp-b4d9f565-wwxnf 1/1 Running 0 43s
# Service(kubernetes-bootcamp)の詳細を確認
$ kubectl describe services/kubernetes-bootcamp
Name: kubernetes-bootcamp
Namespace: default
Labels: app=kubernetes-bootcamp
Annotations: <none>
Selector: app=kubernetes-bootcamp
Type: NodePort
IP: 10.111.26.43
Port: <unset> 8080/TCP
TargetPort: 8080/TCP
NodePort: <unset> 31189/TCP
Endpoints: 172.17.0.10:8080,172.17.0.11:8080,172.17.0.12:8080 + 1 more...
Session Affinity: None
External Traffic Policy: Cluster
Events: <none>
# 環境変数NODE_PORTにService(kubernetes-bootcamp)で公開されているポート番号を代入
$ export NODE_PORT=$(kubectl get services/kubernetes-bootcamp -o go-template='{{(index .spec.ports 0).nodePort}}')
$ echo NODE_PORT=$NODE_PORT
NODE_PORT=31189
# 公開されているポートにアクセス
$ curl $(minikube ip):$NODE_PORT
Hello Kubernetes bootcamp! | Running on: kubernetes-bootcamp-b4d9f565-mds8p | v=2
# ローリングアップデートが成功したか確認する
$ kubectl rollout status deployments/kubernetes-bootcamp
deployment "kubernetes-bootcamp" successfully rolled out
# Podの詳細を確認
# Imageがすべてv2に変わっている
$ kubectl describe pods
Name: kubernetes-bootcamp-b4d9f565-4wkhr
Namespace: default
Priority: 0
Node: minikube/192.168.99.109
Start Time: Tue, 12 Nov 2019 23:13:59 +0900
Labels: app=kubernetes-bootcamp
pod-template-hash=b4d9f565
Annotations: <none>
Status: Running
IP: 172.17.0.11
IPs:
IP: 172.17.0.11
Controlled By: ReplicaSet/kubernetes-bootcamp-b4d9f565
Containers:
kubernetes-bootcamp:
Container ID: docker://c8bebac0609ee166972beae7437c71733955bfde4107708d28fe3606d68e44d6
Image: jocatalin/kubernetes-bootcamp:v2
Image ID: docker-pullable://jocatalin/kubernetes-bootcamp@sha256:fb1a3ced00cecfc1f83f18ab5cd14199e30adc1b49aa4244f5d65ad3f5feb2a5
Port: <none>
Host Port: <none>
State: Running
Started: Tue, 12 Nov 2019 23:14:00 +0900
Ready: True
Restart Count: 0
Environment: <none>
Mounts:
/var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount from default-token-jj2nf (ro)
Conditions:
Type Status
Initialized True
Ready True
ContainersReady True
PodScheduled True
Volumes:
default-token-jj2nf:
Type: Secret (a volume populated by a Secret)
SecretName: default-token-jj2nf
Optional: false
QoS Class: BestEffort
Node-Selectors: <none>
Tolerations: node.kubernetes.io/not-ready:NoExecute for 300s
node.kubernetes.io/unreachable:NoExecute for 300s
Events:
Type Reason Age From Message
---- ------ ---- ---- -------
Normal Scheduled <unknown> default-scheduler Successfully assigned default/kubernetes-bootcamp-b4d9f565-4wkhr to minikube
Normal Pulled 7m23s kubelet, minikube Container image "jocatalin/kubernetes-bootcamp:v2" already present on machine
Normal Created 7m23s kubelet, minikube Created container kubernetes-bootcamp
Normal Started 7m22s kubelet, minikube Started container kubernetes-bootcamp
Name: kubernetes-bootcamp-b4d9f565-fnkvz
Namespace: default
Priority: 0
Node: minikube/192.168.99.109
Start Time: Tue, 12 Nov 2019 23:13:59 +0900
Labels: app=kubernetes-bootcamp
pod-template-hash=b4d9f565
Annotations: <none>
Status: Running
IP: 172.17.0.10
IPs:
IP: 172.17.0.10
Controlled By: ReplicaSet/kubernetes-bootcamp-b4d9f565
Containers:
kubernetes-bootcamp:
Container ID: docker://896cc268b334f8241463d9c66af5c7b1accc909c86ea304e95886709b28dedf0
Image: jocatalin/kubernetes-bootcamp:v2
Image ID: docker-pullable://jocatalin/kubernetes-bootcamp@sha256:fb1a3ced00cecfc1f83f18ab5cd14199e30adc1b49aa4244f5d65ad3f5feb2a5
Port: <none>
Host Port: <none>
State: Running
Started: Tue, 12 Nov 2019 23:14:00 +0900
Ready: True
Restart Count: 0
Environment: <none>
Mounts:
/var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount from default-token-jj2nf (ro)
Conditions:
Type Status
Initialized True
Ready True
ContainersReady True
PodScheduled True
Volumes:
default-token-jj2nf:
Type: Secret (a volume populated by a Secret)
SecretName: default-token-jj2nf
Optional: false
QoS Class: BestEffort
Node-Selectors: <none>
Tolerations: node.kubernetes.io/not-ready:NoExecute for 300s
node.kubernetes.io/unreachable:NoExecute for 300s
Events:
Type Reason Age From Message
---- ------ ---- ---- -------
Normal Scheduled <unknown> default-scheduler Successfully assigned default/kubernetes-bootcamp-b4d9f565-fnkvz to minikube
Normal Pulled 7m23s kubelet, minikube Container image "jocatalin/kubernetes-bootcamp:v2" already present on machine
Normal Created 7m23s kubelet, minikube Created container kubernetes-bootcamp
Normal Started 7m22s kubelet, minikube Started container kubernetes-bootcamp
Name: kubernetes-bootcamp-b4d9f565-mds8p
Namespace: default
Priority: 0
Node: minikube/192.168.99.109
Start Time: Tue, 12 Nov 2019 23:14:00 +0900
Labels: app=kubernetes-bootcamp
pod-template-hash=b4d9f565
Annotations: <none>
Status: Running
IP: 172.17.0.12
IPs:
IP: 172.17.0.12
Controlled By: ReplicaSet/kubernetes-bootcamp-b4d9f565
Containers:
kubernetes-bootcamp:
Container ID: docker://67e064117055eb3050d2fcc7aaeca90fbfa206ce17943c4746103d783e18b4cf
Image: jocatalin/kubernetes-bootcamp:v2
Image ID: docker-pullable://jocatalin/kubernetes-bootcamp@sha256:fb1a3ced00cecfc1f83f18ab5cd14199e30adc1b49aa4244f5d65ad3f5feb2a5
Port: <none>
Host Port: <none>
State: Running
Started: Tue, 12 Nov 2019 23:14:01 +0900
Ready: True
Restart Count: 0
Environment: <none>
Mounts:
/var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount from default-token-jj2nf (ro)
Conditions:
Type Status
Initialized True
Ready True
ContainersReady True
PodScheduled True
Volumes:
default-token-jj2nf:
Type: Secret (a volume populated by a Secret)
SecretName: default-token-jj2nf
Optional: false
QoS Class: BestEffort
Node-Selectors: <none>
Tolerations: node.kubernetes.io/not-ready:NoExecute for 300s
node.kubernetes.io/unreachable:NoExecute for 300s
Events:
Type Reason Age From Message
---- ------ ---- ---- -------
Normal Scheduled <unknown> default-scheduler Successfully assigned default/kubernetes-bootcamp-b4d9f565-mds8p to minikube
Normal Pulled 7m21s kubelet, minikube Container image "jocatalin/kubernetes-bootcamp:v2" already present on machine
Normal Created 7m21s kubelet, minikube Created container kubernetes-bootcamp
Normal Started 7m21s kubelet, minikube Started container kubernetes-bootcamp
Name: kubernetes-bootcamp-b4d9f565-z7t47
Namespace: default
Priority: 0
Node: minikube/192.168.99.109
Start Time: Tue, 12 Nov 2019 23:14:01 +0900
Labels: app=kubernetes-bootcamp
pod-template-hash=b4d9f565
Annotations: <none>
Status: Running
IP: 172.17.0.13
IPs:
IP: 172.17.0.13
Controlled By: ReplicaSet/kubernetes-bootcamp-b4d9f565
Containers:
kubernetes-bootcamp:
Container ID: docker://e41971ea038199381f5a2ac385e984b1dfc6c7564101b88d104df9d008cb45cb
Image: jocatalin/kubernetes-bootcamp:v2
Image ID: docker-pullable://jocatalin/kubernetes-bootcamp@sha256:fb1a3ced00cecfc1f83f18ab5cd14199e30adc1b49aa4244f5d65ad3f5feb2a5
Port: <none>
Host Port: <none>
State: Running
Started: Tue, 12 Nov 2019 23:14:02 +0900
Ready: True
Restart Count: 0
Environment: <none>
Mounts:
/var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount from default-token-jj2nf (ro)
Conditions:
Type Status
Initialized True
Ready True
ContainersReady True
PodScheduled True
Volumes:
default-token-jj2nf:
Type: Secret (a volume populated by a Secret)
SecretName: default-token-jj2nf
Optional: false
QoS Class: BestEffort
Node-Selectors: <none>
Tolerations: node.kubernetes.io/not-ready:NoExecute for 300s
node.kubernetes.io/unreachable:NoExecute for 300s
Events:
Type Reason Age From Message
---- ------ ---- ---- -------
Normal Scheduled <unknown> default-scheduler Successfully assigned default/kubernetes-bootcamp-b4d9f565-z7t47 to minikube
Normal Pulled 7m20s kubelet, minikube Container image "jocatalin/kubernetes-bootcamp:v2" already present on machine
Normal Created 7m20s kubelet, minikube Created container kubernetes-bootcamp
Normal Started 7m20s kubelet, minikube Started container kubernetes-bootcamp
# 今度はv10を指定してアップデートしてみる
$ kubectl set image deployments/kubernetes-bootcamp kubernetes-bootcamp=gcr.io/google-samples/kubernetes-bootcamp:v10
deployment.apps/kubernetes-bootcamp image updated
# Deploymentの一覧を確認
# Pod数がおかしいことになっている
$ kubectl get deployments
NAME READY UP-TO-DATE AVAILABLE AGE
kubernetes-bootcamp 3/4 2 3 5d23h
# Podの一覧を確認
# Statusがおかしいものがある
$ kubectl get pods
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
kubernetes-bootcamp-6b4c55d8fc-2rb26 0/1 ImagePullBackOff 0 81s
kubernetes-bootcamp-6b4c55d8fc-z9gn7 0/1 ImagePullBackOff 0 81s
kubernetes-bootcamp-b4d9f565-4wkhr 1/1 Running 0 11m
kubernetes-bootcamp-b4d9f565-fnkvz 1/1 Running 0 11m
kubernetes-bootcamp-b4d9f565-mds8p 1/1 Running 0 11m
# Podの詳細を確認
# Eventsを見るとv10が見つからずエラーとなっている
$ kubectl describe pods
Name: kubernetes-bootcamp-6b4c55d8fc-2rb26
Namespace: default
Priority: 0
Node: minikube/192.168.99.109
Start Time: Tue, 12 Nov 2019 23:23:59 +0900
Labels: app=kubernetes-bootcamp
pod-template-hash=6b4c55d8fc
Annotations: <none>
Status: Pending
IP: 172.17.0.7
IPs:
IP: 172.17.0.7
Controlled By: ReplicaSet/kubernetes-bootcamp-6b4c55d8fc
Containers:
kubernetes-bootcamp:
Container ID:
Image: gcr.io/google-samples/kubernetes-bootcamp:v10
Image ID:
Port: <none>
Host Port: <none>
State: Waiting
Reason: ImagePullBackOff
Ready: False
Restart Count: 0
Environment: <none>
Mounts:
/var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount from default-token-jj2nf (ro)
Conditions:
Type Status
Initialized True
Ready False
ContainersReady False
PodScheduled True
Volumes:
default-token-jj2nf:
Type: Secret (a volume populated by a Secret)
SecretName: default-token-jj2nf
Optional: false
QoS Class: BestEffort
Node-Selectors: <none>
Tolerations: node.kubernetes.io/not-ready:NoExecute for 300s
node.kubernetes.io/unreachable:NoExecute for 300s
Events:
Type Reason Age From Message
---- ------ ---- ---- -------
Normal Scheduled <unknown> default-scheduler Successfully assigned default/kubernetes-bootcamp-6b4c55d8fc-2rb26 to minikube
Normal Pulling 41s (x4 over 2m18s) kubelet, minikube Pulling image "gcr.io/google-samples/kubernetes-bootcamp:v10"
Warning Failed 40s (x4 over 2m16s) kubelet, minikube Failed to pull image "gcr.io/google-samples/kubernetes-bootcamp:v10": rpc error: code = Unknown desc = Error response from daemon: manifest for gcr.io/google-samples/kubernetes-bootcamp:v10 not found
Warning Failed 40s (x4 over 2m16s) kubelet, minikube Error: ErrImagePull
Warning Failed 29s (x6 over 2m16s) kubelet, minikube Error: ImagePullBackOff
Normal BackOff 17s (x7 over 2m16s) kubelet, minikube Back-off pulling image "gcr.io/google-samples/kubernetes-bootcamp:v10"
Name: kubernetes-bootcamp-6b4c55d8fc-z9gn7
Namespace: default
Priority: 0
Node: minikube/192.168.99.109
Start Time: Tue, 12 Nov 2019 23:23:59 +0900
Labels: app=kubernetes-bootcamp
pod-template-hash=6b4c55d8fc
Annotations: <none>
Status: Pending
IP: 172.17.0.6
IPs:
IP: 172.17.0.6
Controlled By: ReplicaSet/kubernetes-bootcamp-6b4c55d8fc
Containers:
kubernetes-bootcamp:
Container ID:
Image: gcr.io/google-samples/kubernetes-bootcamp:v10
Image ID:
Port: <none>
Host Port: <none>
State: Waiting
Reason: ImagePullBackOff
Ready: False
Restart Count: 0
Environment: <none>
Mounts:
/var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount from default-token-jj2nf (ro)
Conditions:
Type Status
Initialized True
Ready False
ContainersReady False
PodScheduled True
Volumes:
default-token-jj2nf:
Type: Secret (a volume populated by a Secret)
SecretName: default-token-jj2nf
Optional: false
QoS Class: BestEffort
Node-Selectors: <none>
Tolerations: node.kubernetes.io/not-ready:NoExecute for 300s
node.kubernetes.io/unreachable:NoExecute for 300s
Events:
Type Reason Age From Message
---- ------ ---- ---- -------
Normal Scheduled <unknown> default-scheduler Successfully assigned default/kubernetes-bootcamp-6b4c55d8fc-z9gn7 to minikube
Normal BackOff 61s (x6 over 2m17s) kubelet, minikube Back-off pulling image "gcr.io/google-samples/kubernetes-bootcamp:v10"
Normal Pulling 46s (x4 over 2m18s) kubelet, minikube Pulling image "gcr.io/google-samples/kubernetes-bootcamp:v10"
Warning Failed 45s (x4 over 2m17s) kubelet, minikube Failed to pull image "gcr.io/google-samples/kubernetes-bootcamp:v10": rpc error: code = Unknown desc = Error response from daemon: manifest for gcr.io/google-samples/kubernetes-bootcamp:v10 not found
Warning Failed 45s (x4 over 2m17s) kubelet, minikube Error: ErrImagePull
Warning Failed 31s (x7 over 2m17s) kubelet, minikube Error: ImagePullBackOff
Name: kubernetes-bootcamp-b4d9f565-4wkhr
Namespace: default
Priority: 0
Node: minikube/192.168.99.109
Start Time: Tue, 12 Nov 2019 23:13:59 +0900
Labels: app=kubernetes-bootcamp
pod-template-hash=b4d9f565
Annotations: <none>
Status: Running
IP: 172.17.0.11
IPs:
IP: 172.17.0.11
Controlled By: ReplicaSet/kubernetes-bootcamp-b4d9f565
Containers:
kubernetes-bootcamp:
Container ID: docker://c8bebac0609ee166972beae7437c71733955bfde4107708d28fe3606d68e44d6
Image: jocatalin/kubernetes-bootcamp:v2
Image ID: docker-pullable://jocatalin/kubernetes-bootcamp@sha256:fb1a3ced00cecfc1f83f18ab5cd14199e30adc1b49aa4244f5d65ad3f5feb2a5
Port: <none>
Host Port: <none>
State: Running
Started: Tue, 12 Nov 2019 23:14:00 +0900
Ready: True
Restart Count: 0
Environment: <none>
Mounts:
/var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount from default-token-jj2nf (ro)
Conditions:
Type Status
Initialized True
Ready True
ContainersReady True
PodScheduled True
Volumes:
default-token-jj2nf:
Type: Secret (a volume populated by a Secret)
SecretName: default-token-jj2nf
Optional: false
QoS Class: BestEffort
Node-Selectors: <none>
Tolerations: node.kubernetes.io/not-ready:NoExecute for 300s
node.kubernetes.io/unreachable:NoExecute for 300s
Events:
Type Reason Age From Message
---- ------ ---- ---- -------
Normal Scheduled <unknown> default-scheduler Successfully assigned default/kubernetes-bootcamp-b4d9f565-4wkhr to minikube
Normal Pulled 12m kubelet, minikube Container image "jocatalin/kubernetes-bootcamp:v2" already present on machine
Normal Created 12m kubelet, minikube Created container kubernetes-bootcamp
Normal Started 12m kubelet, minikube Started container kubernetes-bootcamp
Name: kubernetes-bootcamp-b4d9f565-fnkvz
Namespace: default
Priority: 0
Node: minikube/192.168.99.109
Start Time: Tue, 12 Nov 2019 23:13:59 +0900
Labels: app=kubernetes-bootcamp
pod-template-hash=b4d9f565
Annotations: <none>
Status: Running
IP: 172.17.0.10
IPs:
IP: 172.17.0.10
Controlled By: ReplicaSet/kubernetes-bootcamp-b4d9f565
Containers:
kubernetes-bootcamp:
Container ID: docker://896cc268b334f8241463d9c66af5c7b1accc909c86ea304e95886709b28dedf0
Image: jocatalin/kubernetes-bootcamp:v2
Image ID: docker-pullable://jocatalin/kubernetes-bootcamp@sha256:fb1a3ced00cecfc1f83f18ab5cd14199e30adc1b49aa4244f5d65ad3f5feb2a5
Port: <none>
Host Port: <none>
State: Running
Started: Tue, 12 Nov 2019 23:14:00 +0900
Ready: True
Restart Count: 0
Environment: <none>
Mounts:
/var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount from default-token-jj2nf (ro)
Conditions:
Type Status
Initialized True
Ready True
ContainersReady True
PodScheduled True
Volumes:
default-token-jj2nf:
Type: Secret (a volume populated by a Secret)
SecretName: default-token-jj2nf
Optional: false
QoS Class: BestEffort
Node-Selectors: <none>
Tolerations: node.kubernetes.io/not-ready:NoExecute for 300s
node.kubernetes.io/unreachable:NoExecute for 300s
Events:
Type Reason Age From Message
---- ------ ---- ---- -------
Normal Scheduled <unknown> default-scheduler Successfully assigned default/kubernetes-bootcamp-b4d9f565-fnkvz to minikube
Normal Pulled 12m kubelet, minikube Container image "jocatalin/kubernetes-bootcamp:v2" already present on machine
Normal Created 12m kubelet, minikube Created container kubernetes-bootcamp
Normal Started 12m kubelet, minikube Started container kubernetes-bootcamp
Name: kubernetes-bootcamp-b4d9f565-mds8p
Namespace: default
Priority: 0
Node: minikube/192.168.99.109
Start Time: Tue, 12 Nov 2019 23:14:00 +0900
Labels: app=kubernetes-bootcamp
pod-template-hash=b4d9f565
Annotations: <none>
Status: Running
IP: 172.17.0.12
IPs:
IP: 172.17.0.12
Controlled By: ReplicaSet/kubernetes-bootcamp-b4d9f565
Containers:
kubernetes-bootcamp:
Container ID: docker://67e064117055eb3050d2fcc7aaeca90fbfa206ce17943c4746103d783e18b4cf
Image: jocatalin/kubernetes-bootcamp:v2
Image ID: docker-pullable://jocatalin/kubernetes-bootcamp@sha256:fb1a3ced00cecfc1f83f18ab5cd14199e30adc1b49aa4244f5d65ad3f5feb2a5
Port: <none>
Host Port: <none>
State: Running
Started: Tue, 12 Nov 2019 23:14:01 +0900
Ready: True
Restart Count: 0
Environment: <none>
Mounts:
/var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount from default-token-jj2nf (ro)
Conditions:
Type Status
Initialized True
Ready True
ContainersReady True
PodScheduled True
Volumes:
default-token-jj2nf:
Type: Secret (a volume populated by a Secret)
SecretName: default-token-jj2nf
Optional: false
QoS Class: BestEffort
Node-Selectors: <none>
Tolerations: node.kubernetes.io/not-ready:NoExecute for 300s
node.kubernetes.io/unreachable:NoExecute for 300s
Events:
Type Reason Age From Message
---- ------ ---- ---- -------
Normal Scheduled <unknown> default-scheduler Successfully assigned default/kubernetes-bootcamp-b4d9f565-mds8p to minikube
Normal Pulled 12m kubelet, minikube Container image "jocatalin/kubernetes-bootcamp:v2" already present on machine
Normal Created 12m kubelet, minikube Created container kubernetes-bootcamp
Normal Started 12m kubelet, minikube Started container kubernetes-bootcamp
# 直前のローリングアップデートを巻き戻す
$ kubectl rollout undo deployments/kubernetes-bootcamp
deployment.apps/kubernetes-bootcamp rolled back
# Podの一覧を確認
# Statusが正常に戻っている
$ kubectl get pods
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
kubernetes-bootcamp-b4d9f565-4wkhr 1/1 Running 0 13m
kubernetes-bootcamp-b4d9f565-b9t5c 1/1 Running 0 4s
kubernetes-bootcamp-b4d9f565-fnkvz 1/1 Running 0 13m
kubernetes-bootcamp-b4d9f565-mds8p 1/1 Running 0 13m
# Podの詳細を確認
$ kubectl describe pods
Name: kubernetes-bootcamp-b4d9f565-4wkhr
Namespace: default
Priority: 0
Node: minikube/192.168.99.109
Start Time: Tue, 12 Nov 2019 23:13:59 +0900
Labels: app=kubernetes-bootcamp
pod-template-hash=b4d9f565
Annotations: <none>
Status: Running
IP: 172.17.0.11
IPs:
IP: 172.17.0.11
Controlled By: ReplicaSet/kubernetes-bootcamp-b4d9f565
Containers:
kubernetes-bootcamp:
Container ID: docker://c8bebac0609ee166972beae7437c71733955bfde4107708d28fe3606d68e44d6
Image: jocatalin/kubernetes-bootcamp:v2
Image ID: docker-pullable://jocatalin/kubernetes-bootcamp@sha256:fb1a3ced00cecfc1f83f18ab5cd14199e30adc1b49aa4244f5d65ad3f5feb2a5
Port: <none>
Host Port: <none>
State: Running
Started: Tue, 12 Nov 2019 23:14:00 +0900
Ready: True
Restart Count: 0
Environment: <none>
Mounts:
/var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount from default-token-jj2nf (ro)
Conditions:
Type Status
Initialized True
Ready True
ContainersReady True
PodScheduled True
Volumes:
default-token-jj2nf:
Type: Secret (a volume populated by a Secret)
SecretName: default-token-jj2nf
Optional: false
QoS Class: BestEffort
Node-Selectors: <none>
Tolerations: node.kubernetes.io/not-ready:NoExecute for 300s
node.kubernetes.io/unreachable:NoExecute for 300s
Events:
Type Reason Age From Message
---- ------ ---- ---- -------
Normal Scheduled <unknown> default-scheduler Successfully assigned default/kubernetes-bootcamp-b4d9f565-4wkhr to minikube
Normal Pulled 16m kubelet, minikube Container image "jocatalin/kubernetes-bootcamp:v2" already present on machine
Normal Created 16m kubelet, minikube Created container kubernetes-bootcamp
Normal Started 16m kubelet, minikube Started container kubernetes-bootcamp
Name: kubernetes-bootcamp-b4d9f565-b9t5c
Namespace: default
Priority: 0
Node: minikube/192.168.99.109
Start Time: Tue, 12 Nov 2019 23:27:35 +0900
Labels: app=kubernetes-bootcamp
pod-template-hash=b4d9f565
Annotations: <none>
Status: Running
IP: 172.17.0.8
IPs:
IP: 172.17.0.8
Controlled By: ReplicaSet/kubernetes-bootcamp-b4d9f565
Containers:
kubernetes-bootcamp:
Container ID: docker://644cf4f577f0a12f4e43d2c8ab98ab587cb231f5f9dbd41a48885c4255e146cb
Image: jocatalin/kubernetes-bootcamp:v2
Image ID: docker-pullable://jocatalin/kubernetes-bootcamp@sha256:fb1a3ced00cecfc1f83f18ab5cd14199e30adc1b49aa4244f5d65ad3f5feb2a5
Port: <none>
Host Port: <none>
State: Running
Started: Tue, 12 Nov 2019 23:27:36 +0900
Ready: True
Restart Count: 0
Environment: <none>
Mounts:
/var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount from default-token-jj2nf (ro)
Conditions:
Type Status
Initialized True
Ready True
ContainersReady True
PodScheduled True
Volumes:
default-token-jj2nf:
Type: Secret (a volume populated by a Secret)
SecretName: default-token-jj2nf
Optional: false
QoS Class: BestEffort
Node-Selectors: <none>
Tolerations: node.kubernetes.io/not-ready:NoExecute for 300s
node.kubernetes.io/unreachable:NoExecute for 300s
Events:
Type Reason Age From Message
---- ------ ---- ---- -------
Normal Scheduled <unknown> default-scheduler Successfully assigned default/kubernetes-bootcamp-b4d9f565-b9t5c to minikube
Normal Pulled 2m46s kubelet, minikube Container image "jocatalin/kubernetes-bootcamp:v2" already present on machine
Normal Created 2m46s kubelet, minikube Created container kubernetes-bootcamp
Normal Started 2m46s kubelet, minikube Started container kubernetes-bootcamp
Name: kubernetes-bootcamp-b4d9f565-fnkvz
Namespace: default
Priority: 0
Node: minikube/192.168.99.109
Start Time: Tue, 12 Nov 2019 23:13:59 +0900
Labels: app=kubernetes-bootcamp
pod-template-hash=b4d9f565
Annotations: <none>
Status: Running
IP: 172.17.0.10
IPs:
IP: 172.17.0.10
Controlled By: ReplicaSet/kubernetes-bootcamp-b4d9f565
Containers:
kubernetes-bootcamp:
Container ID: docker://896cc268b334f8241463d9c66af5c7b1accc909c86ea304e95886709b28dedf0
Image: jocatalin/kubernetes-bootcamp:v2
Image ID: docker-pullable://jocatalin/kubernetes-bootcamp@sha256:fb1a3ced00cecfc1f83f18ab5cd14199e30adc1b49aa4244f5d65ad3f5feb2a5
Port: <none>
Host Port: <none>
State: Running
Started: Tue, 12 Nov 2019 23:14:00 +0900
Ready: True
Restart Count: 0
Environment: <none>
Mounts:
/var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount from default-token-jj2nf (ro)
Conditions:
Type Status
Initialized True
Ready True
ContainersReady True
PodScheduled True
Volumes:
default-token-jj2nf:
Type: Secret (a volume populated by a Secret)
SecretName: default-token-jj2nf
Optional: false
QoS Class: BestEffort
Node-Selectors: <none>
Tolerations: node.kubernetes.io/not-ready:NoExecute for 300s
node.kubernetes.io/unreachable:NoExecute for 300s
Events:
Type Reason Age From Message
---- ------ ---- ---- -------
Normal Scheduled <unknown> default-scheduler Successfully assigned default/kubernetes-bootcamp-b4d9f565-fnkvz to minikube
Normal Pulled 16m kubelet, minikube Container image "jocatalin/kubernetes-bootcamp:v2" already present on machine
Normal Created 16m kubelet, minikube Created container kubernetes-bootcamp
Normal Started 16m kubelet, minikube Started container kubernetes-bootcamp
Name: kubernetes-bootcamp-b4d9f565-mds8p
Namespace: default
Priority: 0
Node: minikube/192.168.99.109
Start Time: Tue, 12 Nov 2019 23:14:00 +0900
Labels: app=kubernetes-bootcamp
pod-template-hash=b4d9f565
Annotations: <none>
Status: Running
IP: 172.17.0.12
IPs:
IP: 172.17.0.12
Controlled By: ReplicaSet/kubernetes-bootcamp-b4d9f565
Containers:
kubernetes-bootcamp:
Container ID: docker://67e064117055eb3050d2fcc7aaeca90fbfa206ce17943c4746103d783e18b4cf
Image: jocatalin/kubernetes-bootcamp:v2
Image ID: docker-pullable://jocatalin/kubernetes-bootcamp@sha256:fb1a3ced00cecfc1f83f18ab5cd14199e30adc1b49aa4244f5d65ad3f5feb2a5
Port: <none>
Host Port: <none>
State: Running
Started: Tue, 12 Nov 2019 23:14:01 +0900
Ready: True
Restart Count: 0
Environment: <none>
Mounts:
/var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount from default-token-jj2nf (ro)
Conditions:
Type Status
Initialized True
Ready True
ContainersReady True
PodScheduled True
Volumes:
default-token-jj2nf:
Type: Secret (a volume populated by a Secret)
SecretName: default-token-jj2nf
Optional: false
QoS Class: BestEffort
Node-Selectors: <none>
Tolerations: node.kubernetes.io/not-ready:NoExecute for 300s
node.kubernetes.io/unreachable:NoExecute for 300s
Events:
Type Reason Age From Message
---- ------ ---- ---- -------
Normal Scheduled <unknown> default-scheduler Successfully assigned default/kubernetes-bootcamp-b4d9f565-mds8p to minikube
Normal Pulled 16m kubelet, minikube Container image "jocatalin/kubernetes-bootcamp:v2" already present on machine
Normal Created 16m kubelet, minikube Created container kubernetes-bootcamp
Normal Started 16m kubelet, minikube Started container kubernetes-bootcamp
おわり
おわり.
自分で絵を書くのがめんどくさかったけどなんとなく理解できた. 気がする.